A flexible budget is a budget that is:

• A. set prior to the control period and not subsequently changed in response to changes in activity period has expired
• B. changed in response to changes in the level of activity
• C. continuously updated by adding a further accounting period when the earliest accounting period has expired
• D. changed in response to changes in costs

GH manufactures a product using skilled labour and high quality materials. The company operates a standard costing system and a just-in-time (JIT) purchasing and production system. The standard selling price and variable costs for one unit of the product are as follows:


Calculate the following variances for October, taking account of the more detailed information regarding the labour mix:
(i) The total labour efficiency variance
(ii) The total labour mix variance
(iii) The total labour yield variance
Select the correct statements.

• A. Labour yield variance: $ 144 000 A
• B. Labour mix variance: $ 63 000 A
• C. Labour efficiency variance: $ 88 000 F
• D. Labour mix variance: $ 75 000 F
• E. Labour efficiency variance: $ 78 000 F
• F. Labour efficiency variance: $ 98 000 A
• G. Labour mix variance: $ 66 000 F
• H. Labour efficiency variance: $ 78 000 A

A university is trying to decide whether or not to advertise a new post-graduate degree programme. The number of students starting the programme is dependent on economic conditions. If conditions are poor, it is expected that the programme will attract 40 students without advertising. There is a 60% chance that economic conditions will be poor. If economic conditions are good it is expected that the programme will attract only 20 students without advertising. There is a 40% chance that economic conditions will be good.
If the programme is advertised and economic conditions are poor, there is a 65% chance that the advertising will stimulate further demand and student numbers will increase to 50. If economic conditions are good, there is a 25% chance the advertising will stimulate further demand and numbers will increase to 25 students.
The profit expected, before deducting the cost of advertising, at different levels of student numbers are as follows:

The cost of advertising the programme will be $15,000.
Required:
Demonstrate, using a decision tree, whether the programme should be advertised.

• A. Yes, the programme should be advertised as the profit will be $82 000
• B. No, the programme should not be advertised as there will be a loss $82 000
• C. No, the programme should not be advertised as there will be a loss $92 000
• D. Yes, the programme should be advertised as the profit will be $92 000

A marketing manager is trying to decide which of four potential selling prices to charge for a new product. The state of the economy is uncertain and may show signs of recession, growth or boom. The manager has prepared a regret matrix showing the regret for each of the possible outcomes depending on the decision made.

If the manager applies the minimax regret criterion to make decisions, which selling price would be chosen?

• A. $45
• B. $55
• C. $40
• D. $50

A company has budgeted to produce 5,000 units of Product B per month. The opening and closing inventories of Product B for next month are budgeted to be 400 units and 900 units respectively. The budgeted selling price and variable production costs per unit for Product B are as follows:

Total budgeted fixed production overheads are $29,500 per month. The company absorbs fixed production overheads on the basis of the budgeted number of units produced. The budgeted profit for Product B for next month, using absorption costing, is $20,700.
Prepare a marginal costing statement which shows the budgeted profit for Product B for next month.
What was the difference between the profit calculation using marginal costing and the profit calculation using absorption costing?

• A. $2950
• B. $2870
• C. $3010
• D. $3610
• E. $2750