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Fortinet NSE7_EFW-7.2 Exam Syllabus Topics:
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NEW QUESTION # 12
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which provides information on BGP neighbors.
Which can you conclude from this command output?
- A. The bfd configuration to set to enable.
- B. BGP is attempting to establish a TCP connection with the BGP peer.
- C. You must change the AS number to match the remote peer.
- D. The router are in the number to match the remote peer.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The BGP state is "Idle", indicating that BGP is attempting to establish a TCP connection with the peer. This is the first state in the BGP finite state machine, and it means that no TCP connection has been established yet. If the TCP connection fails, the BGP state will reset to either active or idle, depending on the configuration. References: You can find more information about BGP states and troubleshooting in the following Fortinet Enterprise Firewall 7.2 documents:
* Troubleshooting BGP
* How BGP works
NEW QUESTION # 13
After enabling IPS you receive feedback about traffic being dropped.
What could be the reason?
- A. Fail-open is set to disable
- B. Np-accel-mode is set to enable
- C. Traffic-submit is set to disable
- D. IPS is configured to monitor
Answer: A
Explanation:
Fail-open is a feature that allows traffic to pass through the IPS sensor without inspection when the sensor fails or is overloaded. If fail-open is set to disable, traffic will be dropped in such scenarios1. Reference: = IPS | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.2.3 - Fortinet Documentation
NEW QUESTION # 14
Which two statements about metadata variables are true? (Choose two.)
- A. They can be used as variables in scripts
- B. They apply only to non-firewall objects.
- C. You create them on FortiGate
- D. The metadata format is $<metadata_variabie_name>.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Metadata variables are custom fields that you can create on FortiManager to store additional information about objects or devices. They can be used as variables in Jinja2 CLI templates or scripts to apply configurations to multiple devices or objects. They do not apply only to non-firewall objects, but also to firewall objects such as addresses, services, policies, etc. The metadata format is not $<metadata_variable_name>, but @<metadata_variable_name>@. Reference := Using meta field variables, Metadata Variables are supported in Firewall Objects configuration, Technical Tip: New Meta Variables and their usage including Jinja Templates, Technical Tip: Firewall objects use as metadata variable
NEW QUESTION # 15
Which configuration can be used to reduce the number of BGP sessions in on IBGP network?
- A. Route-reflector-client enable
- B. Route-reflector-peer enable
- C. Route-reflector enable
- D. Route-reflector-server enable
Answer: A
Explanation:
To reduce the number of BGP sessions in an IBGP network, you can use a route reflector, which acts as a focal point for IBGP sessions and readvertises the prefixes to all other peers. To configure a route reflector, you need to enable the route-reflector-client option on the neighbor-group settings of the hub device. This will make the hub device act as a route reflector server and the other devices as route reflector clients. Reference := Route exchange | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.2.0 - Fortinet Documentation
NEW QUESTION # 16
Which FortiGate in a Security I auric sends togs to FortiAnalyzer?
- A. Only the last FortiGate that handled a session in the Security Fabric
- B. Only the root FortiGate.
- C. Each FortiGate in the Security fabric.
- D. The FortiGate devices performing network address translation (NAT) or unified threat management (UTM). if configured.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Option B is correct because each FortiGate in the Security Fabric can send logs to FortiAnalyzer for centralized logging and analysis12. This allows you to monitor and manage the entire Security Fabric from a single console and view aggregated reports and dashboards.
Option A is incorrect because the root FortiGate is not the only device that can send logs to FortiAnalyzer. The root FortiGate is the device that initiates the Security Fabric and acts as the central point of contact for other FortiGate devices3. However, it does not have to be the only log source for FortiAnalyzer.
Option C is incorrect because the FortiGate devices performing NAT or UTM are not the only devices that can send logs to FortiAnalyzer. These devices can perform additional security functions on the traffic that passes through them, such as firewall, antivirus, web filtering, etc4. However, they are not the only devices that generate logs in the Security Fabric.
Option D is incorrect because the last FortiGate that handled a session in the Security Fabric is not the only device that can send logs to FortiAnalyzer. The last FortiGate is the device that terminates the session and applies the final security policy5. However, it does not have to be the only device that reports the session information to FortiAnalyzer. Reference: =
1: Security Fabric - Fortinet Documentation1
2: FortiAnalyzer Demo6
3: Security Fabric topology
4: Security Fabric UTM features
5: Security Fabric session handling
NEW QUESTION # 17
Refer to the exhibit, which contains a partial BGP combination.
You want to configure a loopback as the OGP source.
Which two parameters must you set in the BGP configuration? (Choose two)
- A. recursive-next-hop
- B. update-source
- C. ebgp-enforce-multihop
- D. ibgp-enfoce-multihop
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
To configure a loopback as the BGP source, you need to set the "ebgp-enforce-multihop" and "update-source" parameters in the BGP configuration. The "ebgp-enforce-multihop" allows EBGP connections to neighbor routers that are not directly connected, while "update-source" specifies the IP address that should be used for the BGP session1. References := BGP on loopback, Loopback interface, Technical Tip: Configuring EBGP Multihop Load-Balancing, Technical Tip: BGP routes are not installed in routing table with loopback as update source
NEW QUESTION # 18
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows an ADVPN network.
The client behind Spoke-1 generates traffic to the device located behind Spoke-2.
Which first message floes the hub send to Spoke-110 bring up the dynamic tunnel?
- A. Shortcut offer
- B. Shortcut forward
- C. Shortcut query
- D. Shortcut reply
Answer: C
Explanation:
In an ADVPN scenario, when traffic is initiated from a client behind one spoke to another spoke, the hub sends a shortcut query to the initiating spoke. This query is used to determine if there is a more direct path for the traffic, which can then trigger the establishment of a dynamic tunnel between the spokes.
NEW QUESTION # 19
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a routing table.
What two options can you configure in OSPF to block the advertisement of the 10.1.10.0 prefix? (Choose two.)
- A. Configure a route-map out
- B. Configure a distribute-list-out
- C. Remove the 16.1.10.C prefix from the OSPF network
- D. Disable Redistribute Connected
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
To block the advertisement of the 10.1.10.0 prefix in OSPF, you can configure a distribute-list-out or a route-map out. A distribute-list-out is used to filter outgoing routing updates from being advertised to OSPF neighbors1. A route-map out can also be used for filtering and is applied to outbound routing updates2. References := Technical Tip: Inbound route filtering in OSPF usi ... - Fortinet Community, OSPF | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.2.2 - Fortinet Documentation
NEW QUESTION # 20
Refer to the exhibit, which contains a partial OSPF configuration.
What can you conclude from this output?
- A. Neighbors maintain communication with the restarting router.
- B. FortiGate restarts if the topology changes.
- C. The router sends grace LSAs before it restarts.
- D. The restarting router sends gratuitous ARP for 30 seconds.
Answer: C
Explanation:
From the partial OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) configuration output:
B). The router sends grace LSAs before it restarts: This is implied by the command 'set restart-mode graceful-restart'. When OSPF is configured with graceful restart, the router sends grace LSAs (Link State Advertisements) to inform its neighbors that it is restarting, allowing for a seamless transition without recalculating routes.
Fortinet documentation on OSPF configuration clearly states that enabling graceful restart mode allows the router to maintain its adjacencies and routes during a brief restart period.
NEW QUESTION # 21
Winch two statements about ADVPN are true? (Choose two)
- A. lt supports NAI for on-demand tunnels
- B. auto-discovery receiver must be set to enable on the Spokes.
- C. Spoke to-spoke traffic never goes through the hub
- D. Routing is configured by enabling add-advpn-route
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
ADVPN (Auto Discovery VPN) is a feature that allows to dynamically establish direct tunnels (called shortcuts) between the spokes of a traditional Hub and Spoke architecture. The auto-discovery receiver must be set to enable on the spokes to allow them to receive NHRP messages from the hub and other spokes. NHRP (Next Hop Resolution Protocol) is used for on-demand tunnels, which are established when there is traffic between spokes. Routing is configured by enabling add-nhrp-route, not add-advpn-route. References := ADVPN | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.2.0 | Fortinet Document Library, Technical Tip: Fortinet Auto Discovery VPN (ADVPN)
NEW QUESTION # 22
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which contains an active-active toad balancing scenario.
During the traffic flow the primary FortiGate forwards the SYN packet to the secondary FortiGate.
What is the destination MAC address or addresses when packets are forwarded from the primary FortiGate to the secondary FortiGate?
- A. Secondary virtual MAC port1 then physical MAC port1
- B. Secondary physical MAC port2 then virtual MAC port2
- C. Secondary physical MAC port1
- D. Secondary virtual MAC port1
Answer: D
Explanation:
The destination MAC address when packets are forwarded from the primary FortiGate to the secondary FortiGate is the secondary virtual MAC port1. This is because the primary FortiGate uses the virtual MAC address of the secondary FortiGate as the destination MAC address for the SYN packet. The virtual MAC address is derived from the HA group ID and the interface ID, and it is unique for each HA cluster member and interface. The virtual MAC address enables the secondary FortiGate to receive the SYN packet without ARP resolution. Reference: You can find more information about active-active load balancing and virtual MAC address in the following Fortinet Enterprise Firewall 7.2 documents:
Virtual server load balance
NP session offloading in HA active-active configuration
Technical Tip: How to enable TCP load balance in HA with active-active mode
NEW QUESTION # 23
Which two statements about IKE vision 2 are true? (Choose two.)
- A. It exchanges a minimum of four messages to establish a secure tunnel
- B. It supports the extensible authentication protocol (EAP)
- C. It supports the XAuth protocol.
- D. Phase 1 includes main mode
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
IKE version 2 supports the extensible authentication protocol (EAP), which allows for more flexible and secure authentication methods1. IKE version 2 also exchanges a minimum of four messages to establish a secure tunnel, which is more efficient than IKE version 12. Reference: = IKE settings | FortiClient 7.2.2 - Fortinet Documentation, Technical Tip: How to configure IKE version 1 or 2 ... - Fortinet Community
NEW QUESTION # 24
Which two statements about IKE version 2 fragmentation are true? (Choose two.)
- A. It is performed at the IP layer.
- B. The maximum number of IKE version 2 fragments is 128.
- C. The reassembly timeout default value is 30 seconds.
- D. Only some IKE version 2 packets are considered fragmentable.
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
In IKE version 2, not all packets are fragmentable. Only certain messages within the IKE negotiation process can be fragmented. Additionally, there is a limit to the number of fragments that IKE version 2 can handle, which is 128. This is specified in the Fortinet documentation and ensures that the IKE negotiation process can proceed even in networks that have issues with large packets. The reassembly timeout and the layer at which fragmentation occurs are not specified in this context within Fortinet documentation.
NEW QUESTION # 25
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a partial web filter profile conjuration What can you cone udo from this configuration about access to www.facebook, com, which is categorized as Social Networking?
- A. The access is blocked based on the URL Filter configuration
- B. The access is blocked based on the Content Filter configuration
- C. The access is hocked if the local or the public FortiGuard server does not reply
- D. The access is allowed based on the FortiGuard Category Based Filter configuration
Answer: A
Explanation:
The access to www.facebook.com is blocked based on the URL Filter configuration. In the exhibit, it shows that the URL "www.facebook.com" is specifically set to "Block" under the URL Filter section1. Reference := Fortigate: How to configure Web Filter function on Fortigate, Web filter | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.0.2 | Fortinet Document Library, FortiGate HTTPS web URL filtering ... - Fortinet ... - Fortinet Community
NEW QUESTION # 26
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which contains the partial ADVPN configuration of a spoke.
Which two parameters must you configure on the corresponding single hub? (Choose two.)
- A. Set auto-discovery-receiver enable
- B. Set ike-version 2
- C. Set auto-discovery-forwarder enable
- D. Set auto-discovery-sender enable
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
The hub must be configured to send (A) and receive (D) auto-discovery messages to establish ADVPN shortcuts with spokes. Reference: = ADVPN | FortiManager 7.2.0 - Fortinet Documentation
NEW QUESTION # 27
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which contains the partial interface configuration of two FortiGate devices.
Which two conclusions can you draw from this con figuration? (Choose two)
- A. On failover new primary device uses the same MAC address as the old primary
- B. The VRRP domain uses the physical MAC address of the primary FortiGate
- C. 10.1.5.254 is the default gateway of the internal network
- D. By default FortiGate B is the primary virtual router
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
The Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) configuration in the exhibit indicates that 10.1.5.254 is set as the virtual IP (VRIP), commonly serving as the default gateway for the internal network (A). With vrrp-virtual-macenabled, both FortiGates would use the same virtual MAC address, ensuring a seamless transition during failover (B). The VRRP domain does not use the physical MAC address (C), and the priority settings indicate that FortiGate-A would be the primary router by default due to its higher priority (D).
NEW QUESTION # 28
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a partial touting table
What two concisions can you draw from the corresponding FortiGate configuration? (Choose two.)
- A. OSPI is configured to run over IPSec.
- B. IPSec Tunnel aggregation is configured
- C. add-route is disabled in the tunnel IPSec phase 1 configuration.
- D. net-device is enabled in the tunnel IPSec phase 1 configuration
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Option B is correct because the routing table shows that the tunnel interfaces have a netmask of 255.255.255.255, which indicates that net-device is enabled in the phase 1 configuration. This option allows the FortiGate to use the tunnel interface as a next-hop for routing, without adding a route to the phase 2 destination1.
Option D is correct because the routing table does not show any routes to the phase 2 destination networks, which indicates that add-route is disabled in the phase 1 configuration. This option controls whether the FortiGate adds a static route to the phase 2 destination network using the tunnel interface as the gateway2.
Option A is incorrect because IPSec tunnel aggregation is a feature that allows multiple phase 2 selectors to share a single phase 1 tunnel, reducing the number of tunnels and improving performance3. This feature is not related to the routing table or the phase 1 configuration.
Option C is incorrect because OSPF is a dynamic routing protocol that can run over IPSec tunnels, but it requires additional configuration on the FortiGate and the peer device4. This option is not related to the routing table or the phase 1 configuration. Reference: =
1: Technical Tip: 'set net-device' new route-based IPsec logic2
2: Adding a static route5
3: IPSec VPN concepts6
4: Dynamic routing over IPsec VPN7
NEW QUESTION # 29
Winch two statements about ADVPN are true? (Choose two)
- A. lt supports NAI for on-demand tunnels
- B. auto-discovery receiver must be set to enable on the Spokes.
- C. Spoke to-spoke traffic never goes through the hub
- D. Routing is configured by enabling add-advpn-route
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
ADVPN (Auto Discovery VPN) is a feature that allows to dynamically establish direct tunnels (called shortcuts) between the spokes of a traditional Hub and Spoke architecture. The auto-discovery receiver must be set to enable on the spokes to allow them to receive NHRP messages from the hub and other spokes. NHRP (Next Hop Resolution Protocol) is used for on-demand tunnels, which are established when there is traffic between spokes. Routing is configured by enabling add-nhrp-route, not add-advpn-route. Reference := ADVPN | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.2.0 | Fortinet Document Library, Technical Tip: Fortinet Auto Discovery VPN (ADVPN)
NEW QUESTION # 30
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a network diagram.
Which IPsec phase 2 configuration should you impalement so that only one remote site is connected at any time?
- A. Set net-device to enable
- B. Set route-overlap to either use-new or use-old
- C. Set single-source to enable
- D. Set route-overlap to allow.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The "single-source" option ensures that only one remote site is connected at any time, which aligns with the requirement in the question. This option prevents multiple VPN tunnels from being established between the same source and destination networks, and allows only the most recent tunnel to be active. This can be useful for scenarios where multiple remote sites have the same IP address range, as shown in the exhibit. Reference := Fortinet Enterprise Firewall Study Guide for FortiOS 7.2, page 142.
NEW QUESTION # 31
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